KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF HIV SCREENING AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN A PUBLIC HEALTH CENTRE IN ANAMBRA STATE
Anierobi, Lizmary Chinaza
Department Of Midwifery, Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital Complex Ihiala, Anambra State
he study assessed the level of knowledge of HIV screening, ascertained the practice of HIV screening and determined the factors affecting pregnant women's practice of HIV screening in a public health centre in Anambra State. The study adopted a descriptive survey study. Census sampling technique was used to draw 96 pregnant women that participated in the study. Questionnaire validated by experts was utilized for the data collection. Data collected were analyzed using simple frequency, percentages and mean. Findings of the study showed that 33.3% (32) agreed that HIV screening should be a routine part of prenatal care, 41.7% (40) thinks it shouldn't be while 25.0 (24) were not sure if it should be. 37.5% (36) agreed that it is necessary to know one’s status during pregnancy while 62.5% (60) thinks that it is not necessary. 33.3% (32) were screened during this pregnancy while 66.7% (64) were not. 21.9% (21) reported that they were aware of the treatment available for HIV positive pregnant women while 78.1% (75) said they were not. The findings of this study further revealed that the knowledge and practice towards HIV screening among pregnant women in Abagana health centre were poor and that factors such as availability of HIV test services, support from partner, family and community and improvement of maternal and child outcomes affects pregnant women's practice. It was recommended among others that that health workers should enhance pregnant women's education and counseling, by providing a comprehensive education to pregnant women about the importance of HIV screening to improve the knowledge and practice of HIV screening among pregnant women.
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Ajayi, A., Awopegba, O., Owolabi, E. & Ajala, A.(2021). Coverage of HIV testing among pregnant women in Nigeria: progress, challenges and opportunities. J Public Health (Oxf). 2021 Apr 12;43(1):e77-e84. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdz152. PMID: 31786595. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31786595/
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Atnafu Gebeyehu, N., Yeshambel Wassie, A., Gelaw, K. A. (2019). Acceptance Of HIV Testing And Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care In Gunino Health Center, Southern Ethiopia 2019: An Institutional Based Cross-Sectional Study. HIV AIDS (Auckl).11:333-341. https://doi.org/10.2147/HIV.S226077
Cherie, S., Workie, H., Kassie, T., Bitew, A., & Samuel, T. (2022). Pregnant Women's Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV/AIDS in Dil Chora Referral Hospital, Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.), 14, 45–60. https://doi.org/10.2147/HIV.S327904
Chilaka, V. N. & Konje, J. C. (2021). HIV in pregnancy – An update - ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301211520307454
Elsheikh, E. I., Crutzen, R., Adam, I., Ibrahim Abdelraheem, S., & Van den Borne, H. W. (2022). Determinants of HIV Testing during Pregnancy among Pregnant Sudanese Women: A Cross-Sectional Study. Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 12 (5), 150. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs12050150
Felman, A. (2023). Explaining HIV and AIDS (Stage 3 HIV). MedicalNewsToday updated on September 27, 2023. Retrieved from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/17131
HIV.info.NIH.gov (2024). Preventing perinatal HIV transmission. Retrieved from https://hivinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv/fact-sheets/preventing-perinatal-transmission-hiv
Huynh, K. Kahwaji, C. I. (2024). HIV Testing. [Updated 2023 Apr 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482145/
Kemnic T. R. & Gulick, P. G. HIV Antiretroviral Therapy. [Updated 2022 Sep 20]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513308/
Marcus U. (2019). HIV infections and HIV testing during pregnancy, Germany, 1993 to 2016. Euro surveillance: bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 24(48), 1900078. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.48.1900078
Mudji, J., Olarewaju, V., Madinga, B., Malala, J., Kayeye, A., & Horsmans, Y. (2023). HIV testing and knowledge on mother-to-child transmission among pregnant women attending antenatal care at Vanga Hospital, Democratic Republic of Congo. Journal of Public Health in Africa, 14 (8), 1991. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphia.2023.1991
Olorunfemi, S. O. (2020). Evaluating Factors Influencing the High Uptake of HIV Testing and Counselling, among Pregnant Women Attending the Antenatal Clinics in Maseru Lesotho. Med Life Clin. 2 (1): 1011. https://www.medtextpublications.com/open-access/evaluating-factors-influencing-the-high-uptake-of-hiv-testing-and-389.pdf
Sabin L, Saville N, Dixit Devkota M. & Bidgoli, H. H. (2023). Factors affecting antenatal screening for HIV in Nepal: results from Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys 2016 and 2022. BMJ Open ;13:e076733. https://doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076733
Sharifzadeh G, Behdani M A , Moodi M. (2020). Pregnant Women’s Knowledge and Beliefs About Voluntary HIV Counseling and Testing in Birjand in 2018: An Assessment Using Health Belief Model. Mod Care J. 17 (3):e99664. https://doi.org/10.5812/modernc.99664
Siegfried, N., van der Merwe, L., Brocklehurst, P., & Sint, T. T. (2011). Antiretrovirals for reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, (7), CD003510. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003510.pub3
Unachukwu, G. C.; Ebenebe, R. C. & Nwosu, K. C. (2021). Developmental Psychology and Education (4th ed). Timex Printing and Publishing Nigeria, Enugu.
World Health Organization (2024). HIV and AIDS. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids
Yakassi, H. B.; Panas, R. M. & Kadre, M. B. (2021). Knowledge of mother-to-child transmission of HIV as a predictor of HIV testing in some women of child-bearing age in Nigeria. Science World Journal 16 (3), 266-271. https://www.scienceworldjournal.org/